Learn to crochet
How to read crochet patterns
Read a crochet pattern by checking the materials, gauge and abbreviation key first, then following each row or round in order. Abbreviations name stitches, asterisks and brackets mark repeats, and numbers in parentheses at the end of a row give the stitch count. Confirm whether the pattern uses US or UK terms.
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What information is at the start of a crochet pattern?
The start of a crochet pattern lists skill level, finished size, yarn weight and yardage, hook size, gauge, notions, abbreviations and special stitch instructions.
Reading this section first prevents buying the wrong yarn or making an item the wrong size.
What do common crochet abbreviations mean?
Common crochet abbreviations shorten stitch names and instructions to a few letters.
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ch | chain |
| sl st | slip stitch |
| sc | single crochet |
| hdc | half double crochet |
| dc | double crochet |
| st(s) | stitch(es) |
| sp | space |
| sk | skip |
| yo | yarn over |
| inc | increase (2 stitches in the same stitch) |
| dec / sc2tog | decrease (2 stitches worked together) |
| BLO / FLO | back loop only / front loop only |
| RS / WS | right side / wrong side |
| rep | repeat |
What do asterisks and brackets mean in crochet patterns?
Asterisks and brackets in crochet patterns mark a group of instructions to repeat. The text after the group states how many times to repeat it or where to stop.
For example, "*sc in next st, 2 sc in next st; rep from * around" means alternate one single crochet and one increase until the round ends.
What do numbers in parentheses mean at the end of a row?
Numbers in parentheses at the end of a row give the total stitch count after completing that row, such as (18 sts). Count your stitches and compare before starting the next row.
How do you follow a crochet pattern row by row?
Follow a crochet pattern row by row by reading one instruction segment at a time and marking completed rows.
- Highlight the size you are making if the pattern includes several sizes.
- Read the full row before starting it.
- Work the turning chain or starting chain stated at the beginning of the row.
- Work each instruction segment, counting stitches as you go.
- Check the stitch count in parentheses at the end of the row.
- Tick off the row on the pattern or a row counter before continuing.
Patterns to practise on
How to crochet a classic granny square
- Skill level
- Beginner
- Yarn weight
- Medium (#4)
- Hook size
- 5 mm hook
- Yardage
- 35 yd
Free pattern
Easy moss stitch crochet dishcloth
- Skill level
- Beginner
- Yarn weight
- Medium (#4)
- Hook size
- 5 mm hook
- Yardage
- 100 yd
Free pattern
Simple half double crochet baby beanie in the round
- Skill level
- Beginner
- Yarn weight
- Medium (#4)
- Hook size
- 5 mm hook
- Yardage
- 130 yd
Free pattern
Quick round crochet coaster in cotton
- Skill level
- Beginner
- Yarn weight
- Medium (#4)
- Hook size
- 4.5 mm hook
- Yardage
- 18 yd
Free pattern
Frequently asked questions
Does the turning chain count as a stitch?
It depends on the pattern. Most patterns state whether the turning chain counts as a stitch; a ch-3 for double crochet often counts, while a ch-1 for single crochet usually does not.
What does 'work even' mean?
Work even means continue in the established stitch without increasing or decreasing.
What does 'fasten off' mean?
Fasten off means cut the yarn and pull the tail through the last loop to secure the work.
What is the difference between rows and rounds?
Rows are worked back and forth and turned; rounds are worked in a circle without turning.